Essays and Research Papers on Sciences

An 8 page discussion of the importance of phylogenetic inference to our understanding of evolution. Suggests that it is through phylogenetic inference that we are able to see the hierarchical pattern of commonality which is exhibited by all forms of life. This hierarchy is not only visible through gross external anatomical features but ...

This 10 page paper provides an overview of nine chapters of the book Cognitive Neuroscience. This paper outlines the principles of each of the chapter and links the perspectives presented to source information on cognitive development. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

A 5 page contention that phylogenetic relationships are a critical component of evolutionary biology. Indeed, it is upon our knowledge of phylogeny which we base much of our theory of evolution. Even in “Origin of Species”, that infamous production of an earlier century which many consider synonymous with the concept of evolution, Darwin ...

This 5 page paper outlines the view that the study of cellular function and the variety of different techniques used in cell biology relate to the complexity of cellular structures. Theorists like Warren Weaver, for example, recognized the concept of “organized complexity” and related this in terms of efforts to provide a rational account ...

This 15 page paper addresses this major issue. Recent studies have focused on the ability to monitor expression of genes in a bacterium, especially in those bacteria with genome that have been sequenced. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacterium that has recently been sequenced, and this study attempts to determine the elements that ...

3 pages in length. Martin Downs, author of "Keeper Of The Reefs: How Do You Save A Wilderness That Most People Will Never See" in the Spring, 2004 issue of OnEarth, discusses the detrimental impact man's actions have had upon coral reefs around the world. Citing such occurrences as overfishing, global warming and ...

3 pages in length. The writer briefly discusses processes of the electron transport system and chemiosmotic coupling with regards to oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

An 8 page discussion of the importance of phylogenetic inference to our understanding of evolution. Suggests that it is through phylogenetic inference that we are able to see the hierarchical pattern of commonality which is exhibited by all forms of life. This hierarchy is not only visible through gross external anatomical features but ...

This 9 page paper provides an overview of cloning in general and then goes into political, moral and social implications of human cloning. Both sides are explored, but the paper supports the concept of human cloning. Bibliography lists 9 sources.

5 pages. This question and answer series touches on several topics including birth control, genital herpes, circumcision, and hermaphrodites. These are very interesting and pertinent subjects which affect many people today. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

A 3 page paper discussing paradigm-changing contributors such as Max Planck, William Thomson and C.F. Mirbel, and how their scientific findings have benefited society as a whole. Planck’s quantum theory, Thomson’s thermodynamics and Mirbel’s founding of cell biology all continue to affect life and science today. The collective work of these and many ...

An 8 page research paper on aluminum. Explores the metal's history, properties, uses, and so forth. Useful for those studying chemistry and other sciences. Bibliography contains 4 references.

A 2 page paper detailing the composition of asbestos, health consequences that are related to its exposure, a history of its use, and problems with measuring asbestos levels. Bibliography lists 4 sources.

A 10 page discussion of lithium polymer batteries. Includes a brief history of batteries, and overview of types, lithium batteries, and the role of polymers in lithium batteries. Bibliography lists twenty sources.

A 5 page review of the past and present efforts to artificially create elements. Based largely on the September 1998 Scientific American article 'Making New Elements' by Peter Armbruster and Fritz Peter Hessberger. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

This 3 page report discusses the ways in which knowledge from the field of marine biology has a positive impact on agricultural concerns. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

This 5 page paper explores how "life" might be defined within scientific areas of biology, ornithology, anthropology, paleontology and geology. Branches of science may guide us, but ultimately each individual must answer that question of what is life, through either opinion or their own belief system, as well as acknowledge that ...

This 5 page paper gives a brief biography of Gregory Bateson and reviews his book, “Steps to an Ecology of Mind.” Bibliography lists 2 sources.

This 6-page paper examines the life and biography of scientist Robert Goddard, and how his studies in rocketry during the early 20th century ultimately led to the success of the U.S. space program. Also touched on is how Germany used Goddard's theories to invent the V-2 rocket, the forerunner of the rockets that eventually landed ...

A 3 page paper discussing paradigm-changing contributors such as Max Planck, William Thomson and C.F. Mirbel, and how their scientific findings have benefited society as a whole. Planck’s quantum theory, Thomson’s thermodynamics and Mirbel’s founding of cell biology all continue to affect life and science today. The collective work of these and many ...

An 8 page discussion of the importance of phylogenetic inference to our understanding of evolution. Suggests that it is through phylogenetic inference that we are able to see the hierarchical pattern of commonality which is exhibited by all forms of life. This hierarchy is not only visible through gross external anatomical features but ...

This 9 page paper provides an overview of cloning in general and then goes into political, moral and social implications of human cloning. Both sides are explored, but the paper supports the concept of human cloning. Bibliography lists 9 sources.

A 15 page address of fifteen specific questions from biology. The author addresses questions ranging from the association between carbon dioxide and photosynthesis to genetics to seed dispersal. Three sources are listed.

A 5 page contention that phylogenetic relationships are a critical component of evolutionary biology. Indeed, it is upon our knowledge of phylogeny which we base much of our theory of evolution. Even in “Origin of Species”, that infamous production of an earlier century which many consider synonymous with the concept of evolution, Darwin ...

A 10 page discussion of facial expression. Utilizes the research in the field to explore the question of whether or not certain facial expressions are universal in their meaning, e.g. that they have the same meaning regardless of the cultural context. Contrasts the view that facial expression are solely cultural manifestations and thus ...

A 5 page research paper on weather patterns. Topics included are types of clouds and cloud formation, global warming and the effects of El Nino. The writer also discusses how weather patterns can be predicted by observation, listening and a barometer. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

A 7 page discussion of beach formation, beach profiles, and properties of sands. The writer then examines the effects that hurricanes, tornadoes, and monsoons have on beaches and the subsequent erosion that occurs. No Bibliography.

5 pages in length. A complete discussion of lightning including : what it is, negative cloud-to-ground flashes, return strokes, ball lightning, and more. The problem meterologists have with regard to lightning's predictability is emphasized. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

This 5 page report discusses the rainforest, its importance to the world's environment, its diversity of plant and animal life, as well as the struggles it is facing against the destruction and exploitation by humanity. There are more species of plants and animals in tropical rain forests than all the rest of the world's ecosystems ...

This 5 page report discusses convergent evolution in terms of the ways in which plants and animals develop survival and adaptation characteristics for their particular environment. Such adaptations have evolved I species as wide-ranging as non-succulent desert plants to the various types of creatures forming the ecosystem of a coral reef. Bibliography lists 5 ...

A 6 page discussion of the Great Lakes, their sources, natural environment, and pertinent theories. Bibliography lists three references.

A discussion of the critical factors in land formation. Defines such terms as erosion, deposition, alluvium, and colluvium and how each translates into land formation. Addresses twelve specific questions regarding the importance of running water in land formation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

A 6 page research paper on the use of electronic devices by the New England fishing Industry. The writer describes the types of electronic devices, other technologies used, and the effect they have had on the industry and the fish supply in New England. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

A 9 page scientific research paper on the limnology of Lake Michigan (one of the United States' "Great Lakes"). Included are the limnological characteristics, climate & erosion, human & trophic conditions, and more. Bibliography lists 12 sources.

A 10 page paper that discusses the physical and biological characteristics of monomictic lakes, with a specific look at Georgia's Lake Oglethorpe. This paper demonstrates the characteristics of a monomictic lake, discusses seasonal changes and turn around, and presents the physical, biological and environmental impacts on this microhabitat. Bibliography lists 10 sources.

A 6 page discussion of the Great Lakes, their sources, natural environment, and pertinent theories. Bibliography lists three references.

A discussion of the critical factors in land formation. Defines such terms as erosion, deposition, alluvium, and colluvium and how each translates into land formation. Addresses twelve specific questions regarding the importance of running water in land formation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

A 6 page research paper on the use of electronic devices by the New England fishing Industry. The writer describes the types of electronic devices, other technologies used, and the effect they have had on the industry and the fish supply in New England. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

A 9 page scientific research paper on the limnology of Lake Michigan (one of the United States' "Great Lakes"). Included are the limnological characteristics, climate & erosion, human & trophic conditions, and more. Bibliography lists 12 sources.

A 10 page paper that discusses the physical and biological characteristics of monomictic lakes, with a specific look at Georgia's Lake Oglethorpe. This paper demonstrates the characteristics of a monomictic lake, discusses seasonal changes and turn around, and presents the physical, biological and environmental impacts on this microhabitat. Bibliography lists 10 sources.

A 6 page discussion of the Great Lakes, their sources, natural environment, and pertinent theories. Bibliography lists three references.

A discussion of the critical factors in land formation. Defines such terms as erosion, deposition, alluvium, and colluvium and how each translates into land formation. Addresses twelve specific questions regarding the importance of running water in land formation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

A 6 page research paper on the use of electronic devices by the New England fishing Industry. The writer describes the types of electronic devices, other technologies used, and the effect they have had on the industry and the fish supply in New England. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

A 9 page scientific research paper on the limnology of Lake Michigan (one of the United States' "Great Lakes"). Included are the limnological characteristics, climate & erosion, human & trophic conditions, and more. Bibliography lists 12 sources.

A 10 page paper that discusses the physical and biological characteristics of monomictic lakes, with a specific look at Georgia's Lake Oglethorpe. This paper demonstrates the characteristics of a monomictic lake, discusses seasonal changes and turn around, and presents the physical, biological and environmental impacts on this microhabitat. Bibliography lists 10 sources.

This 6-page paper examines the life and biography of scientist Robert Goddard, and how his studies in rocketry during the early 20th century ultimately led to the success of the U.S. space program. Also touched on is how Germany used Goddard's theories to invent the V-2 rocket, the forerunner of the rockets that eventually landed ...

This 11 page paper begins with a brief biography of Sir Isaac Newton. His major ideas, discoveries, inventions and works are identified. The Newton - Leibniz calculus controversy is discussed. Those who influenced Newton's works are identified. His legacy and impact in the fields of mathematics and science as well as the world's beliefs about ...

A 3 page paper discussing paradigm-changing contributors such as Max Planck, William Thomson and C.F. Mirbel, and how their scientific findings have benefited society as a whole. Planck’s quantum theory, Thomson’s thermodynamics and Mirbel’s founding of cell biology all continue to affect life and science today. The collective work of these and many ...

A 12 page paper which examines the origins of its development and concentrates on the critical period between 1970 and 1990. Specifically considered are current reactor research programs, current state of nuclear power plant design, radioactive waste, plant licensing extension, decommissioning, government oversight, and future prospects. Bibliography lists 7 sources.

This 4 page paper gives a basic overview on superconductors and superconductivity, describing what it is and looking at the potential applications in the real world, such as within the power industry and transportation. The bibliography cites 3 sources.

3 pages in length. Martin Downs, author of "Keeper Of The Reefs: How Do You Save A Wilderness That Most People Will Never See" in the Spring, 2004 issue of OnEarth, discusses the detrimental impact man's actions have had upon coral reefs around the world. Citing such occurrences as overfishing, global warming and ...

3 pages in length. The writer briefly discusses processes of the electron transport system and chemiosmotic coupling with regards to oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

An 8 page discussion of the importance of phylogenetic inference to our understanding of evolution. Suggests that it is through phylogenetic inference that we are able to see the hierarchical pattern of commonality which is exhibited by all forms of life. This hierarchy is not only visible through gross external anatomical features but ...

This 9 page paper provides an overview of cloning in general and then goes into political, moral and social implications of human cloning. Both sides are explored, but the paper supports the concept of human cloning. Bibliography lists 9 sources.

5 pages. This question and answer series touches on several topics including birth control, genital herpes, circumcision, and hermaphrodites. These are very interesting and pertinent subjects which affect many people today. Bibliography lists 5 sources.