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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 10 page paper. To curb violence in schools, the U.S. Congress adopted the Gun-Free Schools Act in 1994, which required states to adopt legislation that include zero tolerance language. This essay defines the term, zero tolerance, and how state legislators and school districts responded. The writer reports some of the most absurd cases, the inflexibility of administrators, and the research regarding their effectiveness. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
10 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGzerot.RTF
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
"school safety and discipline" (McAndrews, 2001). If the behavior occurs, the penalty is given, regardless of any mitigating circumstances (McCune, 2000). The term zero tolerance emerged from "federal and state
drug enforcement policies in the 1980s" (McCune, 2000). By the end of that decade, some school districts in different parts of the country picked up on the concept and introduced
their own zero tolerance policies that addressed drug possession and/or gang activities and apparel (McCune, 2000). By the early 1990s, school boards across America were adopting their own zero tolerance
policies against certain behaviors, including disrupting school (McCune, 2000). The Gun-Free Schools Act was passed by Congress in 1994 - the concept of zero tolerance now became a national issue
(McCune, 2000). The federal act required school districts who received any type of federal funding to expel any student who brought a gun to school for one year (McAndrews, 2001;
McCune, 2000). Actually, state legislators were first required to pass state level zero tolerance statutes (McAndrews, 2001). It also required that these students be referred to the local juvenile justice
system (McCune, 2000). However, it was really up to the schools superintendent to determine if the one-year suspension was to be levied against the student so there was some flexibility
in the Gun-Free School Act (McAndrews, 2001; McCune, 2000). McAndrews (2001) reported that policies were passed by state legislators and by school boards that addressed: "combating weapons, drugs, violence, and
antisocial behavior." At the time McAndrews wrote this article in 2001, 94 percent of schools had adopted zero tolerance policies for firearms, 91 percent included other types of weapons in
their policies, 87 percent had policies against alcohol, 88 percent against drugs and 79 percent had policies against violence and tobacco (McCune, 2000). Some district superintendents (or whatever title
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