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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 6 page paper considers why in an age where incomes and utility is increasing the birth-rate is decreasing. Issues considered include opportunity cost, absolute costs as well as changing social structures. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Page Count:
6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: TS14_TEpopchg.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
This has been seen in many areas. In 1982 a study undertaken in the United States over fourteen different areas showed that there was a correlations between declining birth-rates,
increasing incomes, as well as an increased number of single people (Page, 1982). If we look at general population theories this appears
to be against some of the ideas. In order to consider if any of the models can explain this trend we need to look at some of the more basic
ideas that have been expounded regarding population growth. Thomas Malthus was a major contributor to this economic field, he published An Essay on the Principle of Population in 1798. Malthus
looked to two factors as the overriding principle in the reproduction of man as determined by the forces of nature;" First, That food is necessary to the existence of man.
Secondly, That the passion between the sexes is necessary and will remain nearly in its present state" (Malthus, 1798). According to this we
would have to argue that increased income mean that there is an ability to increase the food supply, and as a result we would expect to find population increases, not
decreases. These theories were very significant as over two hundred years later they are still considered valid as arguments and perspectives on the population explosion that he may have envisage
if his theories were to be proven true. Additionally the have also gone on to influence others such as his friend David Ricardo (NPG, 2000). The essays themselves were interpreted
by many readers to be opposing social reforms (Cocy, 2000)and later in the mid nineteenth century the neo-Malthusianism emerged, a movement that advocated birth control for the poor (NPG, 2000).
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