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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page paper discussing whistleblowing within the context of the theories of relativism and utilitarianism, for the purpose of determining whether the threat of whistleblowing activity leads organizations to behave more ethically. The paper concludes that it does not, but that the availability of the option is of great importance to the individuals who must make the initial whistleblowing decision. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: CC6_KSbusEthWhis.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
magazine named "WorldComs Cynthia Cooper and Enrons Sherron Watkins two of their People of the Year for 2002" (Ravishankar, n.d.), honoring them for pushing forward in their companies, taking on
the role of whistleblower at a time and in two organizations where such activity was not encouraged. WorldComs CFO asked Cooper to postpone her investigation when she noticed accounts
were not quite right; Enron accountant Watkins "outlined the companys problems in a memo to then-CEO Kenneth Lay" (Ravishankar, n.d.). Either or both
of these individuals chose not to operate within any theory of relativism. They also can be said to have chosen to ignore one form of utilitarianism - act utilitarianism
- while giving full rein to the rule utilitarianism which would have dictated that they could not keep silent and still operate within their own personal or professional codes of
ethics. The question being addressed here is whether the possibility of whistleblowing encourages organizations to behave more ethically. Theoretical Base Kast and
Rosenzweig (1992) define the business organization as a "man-made system which has a dynamic interplay with its environment ... a system of interrelated parts working in conjunction with each other
in order to accomplish a number of goals, both those of the organization and those of individual participants" (p. 44). According to the authors, managers within the organization can
use the concept "dynamic equilibrium" to better coordinate their efforts. The result should be integration of the several parts into a "meaningful total system" (Kast and Rosenzweig, 1992; p.
44). Relativism The common view of "situational ethics" is that right and wrong change according to circumstances. In this view, "everything" (or
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