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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page research paper on the social forces affecting welfare policy in the U.S., its affects on women, children and minorities, and need for future advocacy by social workers at the state and federal levels. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_Welfpf.doc
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
to work is possible and advisable. An understanding of the social forces surrounding decisions about Welfare as it has evolved over time can help in determining an answer.
Jansson & Smith advocate for four resolutions which involve all members of the community, business, and combined federal and state government relationships. All of these resolutions should be administered
by "Policy practitioners [who] are social workers who engage in policy advocacy, whether they are direct service, administrative, community organization, or policy-specialized staff" (Jansson & Smith, 1996, p. 441, emphasis
added). Jansson & Smith (1996) provide a history of social policies which created the so-called "welfare state" that began in the 19th century with reformers like Jane Addams, who
envisioned a new role for the federal government toward the poor. Addams efforts succeeded in the passage of state and local regulations, but most of the federal expansion took
place during the Great Depression with the New Deals work assistance programs. At this time, write Jansson & Smith, the fed role expanded from 2 percent of GNP in
1930 to 8 percent in 1940. This program was viewed as temporary, but at the time, funds for the Social Security Act came from payroll contributions and the
federal government was not responsible, so the program was never reversed. Jansson & Smith explain that economic progress between 1940 and 1973 increased GNP by 255 percent, and it
is this growth that fueled expenditures on domestic programs. By 1979, the budget had expanded to 17 percent of GNP. Instead of giving this money back to
the states without strings attached, the federal government controlled disbursement by programs to grants. Federal authorities sometimes bypassed state and local governments by offering resources directly to individuals or to
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