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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 6 page paper provides an overview of an article on the effects of water emersion (water birth) on labor. This paper is a research article review based on the article Water Immersion and the Effect on Labor, by Mavis Schorn, Janice McAllister, and Jorge Blanco, published in the November/December 1993 edition of the Journal of Nurse-Midwifery. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MH11_MHWatBir.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
the Journal of Nurse-Midwifery. The following analytical assessment considers the hypotheses presented, design issues, sampling, measurements, data analysis and evaluations/conclusions drawn from the research provided. The central hypothesis
for this study is based on a presented research question: Can water immersion (WI) contribute to more efficient labors when compared with labors where WI is not utilized.
Because of the literature presented at the onset of the study, including the outcomes of studies by Odent (1983, 1984), Lenstrup (1987) and Goodlin et al (1984), there are two
hypotheses that are derived from this research question: H(1): WI improves the progress of labor, including cervical progress, contraction patterns, reduced use of analgesics, reduced length of labor
and improvements in maternal and fetal vital signs; or H(2) WI does not significantly change the progress of labor (as measured by variables in H(1)), but can increase the rate
of maternal or fetal infection. These hypotheses represent two distinctly different views of the impact of WI on the labor process, and the researchers pursue both aspects of this
research question because of the need for more reliable data regarding both sides of this issue. The independent variables for this study, then, are the use or non-use of
water immersion during labor. The dependent variables presented include: cervical progress, contraction pattern, use of analgesics, length of labor, rate of maternal and fetal infection, and the effect
on maternal vital signs and fetal heart rate. Control for extraneous variables is achieved by allowing both subject groups the same "other" options during birthing, including ambulation, showers, rest,
and the use of various birthing positions. The hypotheses presented are complex and non-directional, based on the research question provided. The researchers present a research question, rather
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