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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 4 page research paper that examines the history of warfare in the 16th and 17th centuries and argues that war provided an engine for social change during this period. The writer discusses how military changes, such as increased army size, brought lasting social, financial and political change. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khwarch.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
change during this time. However, a closer examination of this era shows that the most prevalent characteristic of these centuries was war. Furthermore, it was war that provided the principal
engine for social and political change in Europe during this time. Prior to 1491, warfare in Western Europe consisted largely of war that were characterized by brief and irregular campaigns,
such as the War of the Roses in England (1455-85) or the Hundred Years War between France and England (1337-1453) (Cunningham and Grell, 2000). The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were
"unusually belligerent" in comparison, as the sixteenth witnessed less than ten years of peace and there were only a few years of peace in the entire first half of the
seventeenth (Cunningham and Grell, 2000, p. 95). Spain and France were seldom at peace during the sixteenth century and the Ottoman Empire, the Austrian Habsburgs and Sweden found themselves at
war for two years out of every three; Spain for three in every four; Poland and Russian for four in every five (Cunningham and Grell, 2000). Innumerable rebellions plagued Northern
Europe throughout the latter half of the sixteenth century and the early decades of the seventeenth, which were in addition to three major conflicts, that dominated the age, the Eighty
Years War, the French Wars of Religion and the Thirty Years War (Cunningham and Grell, 2000). The fact that warfare was such a prevalent feature in early modern life
also means that it played a pivotal role in the dramatic social and cultural changes that affected life in Western Europe during this time (Cunningham and Grell, 2000). Among the
most significant changes was the growth in the size of armies during this era. A conservative estimate indicates that the number of men in Europes armies grew by a factor
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