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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 4 page paper with two examples from two countries. The first deals with pharmaceutical drugs and generics. The second is telecommunications mergers, one in the U.S. and one in Europe. The essay comments on the need for competition. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: ME12_PG699111.doc
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
dollars and 15 or more years to develop a new drug and get it on the market. They deserve to have time to recoup that investment and to make a
profit from it because they need more money to develop more drugs. They have that protection through patents but the patent lasts for 20 years, during which time consumers pay
an exorbitant price for any drug. Big drug companies have found some ways around being confronted with a generic as soon as their patent runs out. Generic companies, most of
which are in India, are aggressive in their attempts to break the patent for the drug. The patent-holder will often enter into an agreement where they will pay the generic
company to delay putting their generic on the market (Danoff, 2012; FTC Staff, 2010). For years, India has mass-produced life-saving drugs still under patent and distributed them to very
poor countries. Major drug companies have basically looked the other way. That is, until now. Novartis, a Swiss drug company manufactures Gleevec, a drug treatment for a deadly type of
leukemia (Danoff, 2012; Novartis, 2012). Novartis has brought the case to the Indian Supreme Court to stop this practice. The politics and ethics of this case are vast. Gleevec costs
$70,000 per year, the generic costs $2,500 (Danoff, 2012). If the patents are upheld, millions of people in poor countries will not get the cancer, HIV, and AIDS drugs
they need. Some of the drugs that were under settlement agreements between the brand name and the generic are Provigil for sleep disorders and manufactured by Cephalon; Cipro used to
treat infections and made by Bayer; and Plavix used to prevent strokes and heart attacks, developed by Sanofi and Bristol-Myers Squibb (Hemphill, 2009). Consumers lose out on the pay-for-delay settlements
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