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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 5 page paper discusses Alan Turing's theory that machines can respond intelligently to questions directed to them, and that in time, they will learn to think. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVTuring.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
that he was correct, and that it is (or soon will be) possible to develop a computer that thinks. It also considers Descartes philosophical position with regard to a priori
knowledge. Discussion A thinking computer automatically calls to mind the HAL 9000 from the film "2001," a fatally flawed machine that murdered the crew of its ship in order to
safeguard the mission. In other words, it put an abstract concept above the safety of the humans entrusted to its care. At the opposite end of the scale is Data
from "Star Trek: The Next Generation," the android who wants to be human. He would gladly sacrifice himself to save the crew, thus putting them above the mission. But is
it possible to develop such intelligences? What would a computer capable of cognitive reasoning be like? And how would we know it was thinking not merely giving responses structured out
of terms stored in its databases? That goes to the heart of the philosophical study of how we know what we know, or epistemology. It also brings up a
huge difficulty with the idea that machines can be constructed that will actually learn to think, and that is Rene Descartes philosophical examination of a priori knowledge. "A priori" literally
means "from the former" and means that we learn from the experiences we have had in the past. "In much of the modern Western tradition, the term a priori is
considered to mean propositional knowledge that can be had without, or "prior to", experience" ("A priori"). In the case of Descartes and other "rationalists" such as Leibniz, "knowledge is gained
through reason, not experience. Descartes considered the knowledge of the self, or cogito ergo sum, to be a priori, because he thought that one neednt refer to past experience to
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