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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 3 page paper that reviews two journal articles dealing with the treatment of traumatic brain injury. One study investigated the efficacy of using CPAP and the other investigated the changes in functioning of TBI patients over four years using the Functional Independence Measure[TM]-Cognitive (FIM-Cog) as measures. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGtbi.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
injury (Hammond et al, 2004). To measure differences, the investigators used the "Change in Functional Independence Measure[TM]-Cognitive (FIM-Cog) items" (Hammond et al, 2004, p. 314). The authors point out this
was the first longitudinal study to "examine changes in the cognitive items of the FIM over time in a large, prospectively followed sample of persons with TBI who were evaluated
longitudinally over a 4-year period" (Hammond et al, 2004, p. 314). Using a set of criteria that included age, medical care and inpatient rehabilitation, time of presentation following the injury,
the Hammond et al included 292 patients in the study (Hammond et al, 2004). Ages ranged from 16 to 91.5 years with a mean age of 36.3 years and
a median age of 33.6 years (Hammond et al, 2004). Seventy-six percent of the group were males (Hammond et al, 2004). Results reported included: using the FIM-Cog Total score, 26
percent of the patients improved, 61 percent had no change, and 14 percent were worse between year 1 and year 5 following TBI (Hammond et al, 2004). Relative to the
items on the FIM, on Comprehension and Expression items, 19 percent improved, 68 percent did not change and 13 percent got worse (Hammond et al, 2004). Looking at the Memory
and Problem Solving items, 34 percent improved, 48 percent did not change in either direction and 19 percent got worse (Hammond et al, 2004). The one item addressing Social Interaction
saw in improvement in 12 percent of the patients, with 76 percent staying the same and 11 percent getting worse (Hammond et al, 2004). This study demonstrates the value of
using the FIM in longitudinal studies, which contradicts previous thoughts this measure would be ineffectual for looking at long term changes (Hammond et al, 2004). The study also "showed residual
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