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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
The Xhosa speaking nation in South Africa is second only to the Zulus in numbers. This 11 page report describes their location, society, history, culture, tradition, family life, etc.; The writer also covers historical tensions occurring between the Xhosa people and Europeans who came to the Cape. It is argued that the Xhosas' own lack of political unity, belief in mysticism, etc.;-- prevented them from being able to defend themselves successfully against the Europeans when conflict arose. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Page Count:
9 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_Xhosa.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
often a rich one with recent centuries demonstrating struggles lost and hardships gained. One such group, the Xhosa speaking nation in Southern Africa, is second only to
the Zulu in numbers (Elliot, 1970). It consists of several tribes such as the Pondo, the Bomvana, the Thembu, the Pondomiese and others, and includes the actual Xhosa tribe itself.
All these tribes speak the same language, and are often collectively referred to simply as Xhosa. Most of the Xhosa live in the Transkei and Ciskei, mainly under
chieftains who are responsible to the governments of those countries. Many others, however, are scattered beyond these borders; largely as a consequence of a national disaster that occurred in the
mid-1850s (New Republic, 1992; Elliot, 1970). -2- Statistically, ninety-five percent of the Transkei population is made up of the Xhosaspeaking people, who belong
to several major ethnic groups including the Xhosa (comprising the subgroups of Gcaleka, Rarabe, and Ggunukhwebe), the Tembu, Mpondo, Mpondomise, Xesibe, Bomvana, Fingo, Bhaca, and Ntlangwini (Elliot, 1970). The Xhosa-perhaps
more accurately, the Cape Nguni-are even more heterogeneous in origin than the Zulu. The ancestors of some groups (the Xhosa proper) were present in the Eastern Cape by the
fifteenth century (Mostert, 1982). But some came from Natal later, and other groups arrived in the Eastern Cape as a result of the upheaval attendant on Zulu empire building in
the nineteenth century. One such section, the Mfengu, consisted of an assortment of individuals and small groups who under the pressure of White rule have developed a degree of
cohesion despite their initial fragmented state. Unlike the Zulu and the Swazi, the Xhosa groups did not develop large-scale centralized polities, although one section, the Mpondo, did lead a loose
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