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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 6 page bibliographic essay that evaluates the various interpretations offered by contemporary historical writers on the subject. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Page Count:
6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: TG15_TGurgreg.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
The crusades were, quite simply, a series of holy wars that were justified by being fought for the sake of religious purposes. The First Crusade, which lasted from
1096 until 1099, began when the emperor of the Byzantine Empire, enlisted the services of Pope Urban II, to wage a battle with the Turks for a portion of territory
that included the Holy Land. In order to rally support for this cause, Urban appealed to the collective moral conscience of the Roman Catholic establishment by describing the involvement
as not a call to arms as much as it was a call to protect the cross and the religious freedoms it stands for. Much of the primary and
secondary sources on the First Crusade offer commentary as to the significance of Urban II and his spiritual mentor, Pope Gregory VII, and assess the roles each played in initiating
the combat. There is, perhaps, no more qualified authority to write about this subject than Jonathan Riley-Smith, who is currently professor of ecclesiastical history at Cambridge University, and the author
of several books about the Crusades, including The Atlas of the Crusades, The Crusades: A Short History, The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading, The First Crusaders, 1095-1131, and
The Oxford History of the Crusades. In page 49 of The First Crusaders, Riley-Smith describes Pope Gregory VII as the first to "affirm that taking part in war of
a certain kind could be an act of charity to which merit was attached" (cited in Gervers 266). Riley-Smith, who relies upon historical documents, letters as well as contemporary
commentary to support his findings, writes authoritatively but in an effortless textual style that is not too cumbersome for the undergraduate student to understand. As Professor Michael Gervers noted
...