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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 5 page paper examines the impact of empirical regularities upon causal explanations, which are prevelant in the social sciences. This paper considers how empiricist approaches place high value on the identification of empirical regularities, thus providing a foundation for explanations. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
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5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_GSEmpirc.rtf
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scientists seek to find the reason for certain social phenomena through observation. Once having observed the particular behavior or situation for themselves and collecting data, they believe that the
data can be applied to all people and/or identical behavior. For example, a social scientist may hypothesize that depressed people eat more than others. So, he/she would go
and make observations in this regard, recording these observations and data. Finally, the results show that indeed, the 80 people studied did indeed eat more when they were depressed,
causing significant weight gains. Therefore, the social scientist would then apply this result to all situations such as the one he/she observed, extending the results to fit even those
whom they have not personally observed. In this way, the social scientist is able to construct causal explanations. Causal mechanisms
are the processes and/or pathways through which an outcome is brought into being (Causal Mechanisms, 2003). In other words, a particular outcome is first explained through the offering of
hypothesis (Causal Mechanisms, 2003). This is, in fact, the main ambition of social research - to discover causes (Causal Mechanisms, 2003). So causal mechanisms are designed to link
cause with effect, regardless of the approach being employed (Causal Mechanisms, 2003). To this end, empirical regularities play an important role (Causal Mechanisms, 2003). It is the consistencies
that arise that form the basis of these causal explanations (Causal Mechanisms, 2003). In this regard, there are two basic theories
that explain causation. The first is called the Humean Theory, and is translated as "causation of regularities" (Causal Mechanisms, 2003). The second, is referred to as Casual Realist
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