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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 6 page report discusses the fact that throughout history, philosophers have dealt with many of the same issues and come to conclusions that are as applicable in classical times as they were in the 17th century and still are in the 21st century. One of the issues that did not pose a problem for early philosophers such as Aristotle and Aquinas’ version of Aristotle’s thinking was that of the mind-body relationship. The modern philosophers of the 17th century such as Descartes, Leibniz, and Malebranche had a far more difficult time reconciling the two. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
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6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_BWmodphi.rtf
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to any period of history and not just the one in which the philosopher lived. For example, in virtually every aspect of his ethical theories Aristotle addresses the undeniable separation
of individual moral values with social ethics and how their differences react and interact with one another. The thought and writing of St. Thomas Aquinas reconciled religion with reason,
expanded it toward a willingness to consider scientific experimentation, and insisted that human senses and experiences served to create a passage way to the soul, He also was convinced
that human reason had a divine right to be presented with legitimate facts rather than suppositions based on dogma or tradition. Later philosophers, the "moderns" of the 17th century, considered
many of the same premises and were able to expand upon them in ways that were more applicable or at least better suited to their own times. For example, Rene
Descartes (1596-1650) presented his 17th-century theories regarding: the sources and nature of knowledge; the validity of truth; the nature and destiny of man; and, the existence of God, as well
as the creation of the universe. Clearly, his focus was on the questions that also inspired Aristotle and Aquinas. By the close of that century, the French philosopher, Nicolas Malebranche
(1638-1715) developed his metaphysical theories known as "occasionalism" based on the simple premise that "we see all things in God." Therefore, it is God who is responsible for all changes,
not people. Another of the "moderns," Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716), saw each individual microcosm as a reflection of the larger universe and part of the harmony of a divine plan.
Aristotle and Aquinas At the core of his thinking, Aristotle (384 -322 BCE) saw the universe as a balance measured between two endpoints on a singular continuum: one end
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