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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 5 page paper discusses the role nonprofits play in American civic life and argues that although they can be seen as self-interested organizations, they do in fact have much in common. It also argues, however, that criticism of the sector is well-founded, as it seems to have lost its focus and become splintered, hindering its effectiveness as an advocate for Americans. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVNoPRev.rtf
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This paper discusses the role nonprofits play in American civic life. Discussion If we are to understand the role of nonprofits, we have to have a working definition of this
sector. "In the United States, 26 different types of organizations are identified as worthy of tax exemption, ranging from business associations through charitable organizations and social clubs" (Salamon, 1998). However,
all of these entities share "five critical features" that are necessary for an organization to be classified as a nonprofit: first, it has to be organizational, that is, it has
to be "an institution with some meaningful structure and permanence" (Salamon, 1998). Second, it cannot be part of the government (Salamon, 1998). Third, it is "not permitted to distribute profits
to its owners or directors, but [is] rather required to plow them back into the objectives of the organization" (Salamon, 1998). Fourth, it has to be self-governing, and "not controlled
by some entity outside the organization"; and fifth, the organization must be "supportive of some public purpose" (Salamon, 1998). Even within the group of organizations that meet these five criteria,
there are further distinctions, and these organizations can be further divided into two "broad categories" (Salamon, 1998). The first category comprises what are known as "member-serving organizations" (Salamon, 1998). That
means that while these organizations serve a public purpose of some sort, they also "meet the interests, needs and desires of the members of the organization. Included here are social
clubs, business associations, labor unions, mutual benefit organizations of various sorts and political parties" (Salamon, 1998). The second category consists of those organizations that are "primarily public-serving" (Salamon, 1998). These
entities "exist exclusively to serve the needs of a broader public" and include grant-making foundations, charities, religious congregations, "and a wide range of educational, scientific, charitable and related service organizations
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