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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page review of the relationship between various physiologic and environmental stressors and heart disease. The author defines stress, stressor and describes the various parameters used to assess cardiovascular reactivity. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AM2_PPhrtRea.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
The term "cardiac reactivity" is used in the general sense to denote the variability to which the cardiovascular system (both the heart and the
vasculature) responds to various stressors (Turner, 1994). DeFrank and Ivancevich (1998, PG) define stress as being an:
"adaptive response, moderated by individual differences, that is a consequence of any action, situation, or event, that places special demands on a person".
Although target more towards sociological considerations of stress, this definition emphasizes the individual response to
stress, an important consideration when considering cardiac reactivity. Stress is, in fact, a reaction; not the event or situation which causes the reaction (DeFrank and Ivancevich, 1998). Stressors,
on the other hand are the event or situation which leads to certain physiological changes or reactions. Stressors can be both
physical and mental, they move the heart cardiovascular system through the range of its metabolic activity from baseline conditions experienced during quite rest and sleep to the heightened conditions experienced
during maximal exercise (Turner, 1994). In other words: "cardiovascular reactivity is usually understood to
reflect the physiologic changes from a resting or baseline state to some type of psychological or physical challenge or stressor" (MacArthur, MacArthur, and Allen, 2003).
Current medical theory suggests that individuals who evidence a more exaggerated response to stressful events are more at
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