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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 10 page report on the European Space Agency's Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) gives an overview of what the ISO's investigations are revealing, why its observations are in demand, and how its discoveries are beginning to rewrite the textbooks on astronomy. Bibliography lists four sources.
Page Count:
10 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_Infrared.doc
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
Infrared Space Observatory was launched on November, 17, 1995. Its designers and administrators had expected that it would have run out of fuel in a year to 18 months
time but its controllers and the astronomers working with ISO at VillaFranca in Spain are actually busier than they have ever been. The satellites working life has been stretched
to more than 30 months and should remain operational, according to current calculations) until April of this year. The telescope and other instruments
aboard ISO must be kept to extremely low temperatures which sets a limit on the life of their accurate operation. ISO carried a supply of super fluid helium to
cool it. Slow evaporation maintains key parts of the satellite at temperatures close to absolute zero, below minus 271 degrees centigrade. (ESA)
The rate of loss of helium was expected to be approximately three liters a day but scientists had no way of pinpointing the cryogenic systems actual performance in the
conditions found in space. In making safe estimations of the rate of evaporation, ISO designers allowed for a rate of evaporation that might be faster, in order to ensure
the minimum 18 months of life for the spacecraft. In space, the daily loss of helium proved to be significantly less than anticipated, giving ISO its additional months of
functionality. (ESA) The ISO is a truly unique space telescope that explores the cool and cloudy universe by use of infrared rays.
Four separate instruments are served by ISOs telescope - a camera ISOCAM, the photometer ISOPHOT, the Short Wavelength Spectrometer and the Long Wavelength Spectrometer are able to span infrared
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