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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 3 page research paper that explores the Fourteenth Amendment in relation to the issue of equal rights for women. The writer argues that explicit constitutional guarantees are still needed in order to ensure that the advances made by women are secure. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khwom14.rtf.
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
was designed to provide for protection of the civil rights of newly freed slaves; however, while it enfranchised black males to vote, it did not provide this political power to
women (Race and gender, 1994). This amendment provides guarantees that the "Privileges and Immunities of...citizenship (civil rights)," as well as "Due Process and Equal Protection" under the laws will not
be infringed (Race and gender, 1994). However, historically, while the courts acknowledged the "effects of racism on Blacks and all other racial minorities," the ramifications of "sexism on women have
been discounted" (Race and gender, 1994). From its inception, the Fourteenth Amendment was controversial in regards to womens rights due to the fact that it introduced the world
"male" into the Constitution for the first and explicitly defined voting rights in terms of being a male privilege (Lewis, 2009). Womens rights advocates, such as Susan B. Anthony, were
outraged. In his discussion of the history of the Fourteenth amendment, Amar (1992) points out that it was much more difficult in mid-nineteenth century to ignore the voices of women
than it was in the 1790s, when the Constitution was written, because of women taking leading roles in religious organizations, that is, women were active in pubic life. Yet, despite
the objections of the womens movement, the amendment passed with the inclusion of the offensive and unjust focus on male voters. An argument, which is frequently voiced against any
further amendment to the Constitution in order to specifically and explicitly, states that women are entitled to equal rights is that women are already amply protected under the law. This
argument asks: Arent there already enough legal prohibitions of sex discrimination - the Equal Pay Act, Title VII and Title IX of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, the Pregnancy
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