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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 15 page paper discusses a great deal more than letter recognition. The essay includes discussions on phoneme awareness and phonological awareness and also reports a study on visual-orthographic processing skills. These are all discussed in terms of future success in learning to read. The introduction comments on the debate about including academics in preschool years and follows with an overview on the known and proven benefits of preschool. The writer then presents a comprehensive report and discussion of the relationships between and among literacy, phonological awareness and phoneme awareness. Research results are incorporated into this discussion. Some data are included.
Page Count:
15 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGprrd.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
will develop psychological problems, they do not derive any benefit from learning academics at this age and so on (Nel, 2000). This opinion may be based on the perception that
children will be presented with formalized instruction, much like what is presented in grade school and opponent argue this is an inappropriate environment for preschoolers (Nel, 2000). The controversy
and conflict takes on the cloak of free play versus "structured learning" (Nel, 2000, p. 136). It becomes a black and white argument, a right or wrong debate (Nel, 2000).
Opponents to academic teaching in preschools tend to assume that the only kind of academic instruction is that which is teacher-directed, lecture-based, structured and demanding (Nel, 2000). This debate probably
began in the 1980s when the idea of presenting academic material to preschoolers was first brought to light (Nel, 2000). Numerous articles by experts and scholars argued vehemently against such
a practice (Nel, 2000). Opponents argued there was no empirical proof of the consequences of such instruction - would it benefit children, would it harm children, would it make
young children stressed and at risk for developing psychological problems (Nel, 2000)? Elkind, a very well-respected author wrote against incorporating academics in the preschool curriculum and offered proof of the
harm this could do to children (Nel, 2000). Elkinds studies showed that formalized structured instructional lessons are not appropriate for this age group; they need the freedom of play and
they need to select the activities in which they want to participate (Nel, 2000). Preschool in the 1990s operated on a different premise than in the 1980s (Nel,
2000). It was believed that "early social and emotional experiences obtained through play are the seeds of human intelligence" (Nel, 2000, p. 136). Play has been documented as beneficial for
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