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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 4 page paper defines and discusses the concept of individualism. Bellah's ideas are noted as are those of Ben Franklin. Examples are provided. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: RT13_SA640Ind.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
ordered today. The idea of cliques is part of high school life. Friends are valued over everything. When someone is in trouble, it is the friend or family member who
bails them out, but anthropologists know that other societies are not like this. Rather, there is a notion that people should help one another and not all cultures subscribe to
a sense of individualism. Not all cultures see subcultures where new worlds and mores are created. For example, in the United States, many subcultures spring up. The Mafia is a
good example because within the culture there is a sense of loyalty beyond all else. Yet, the rules within the group are very different from that of the larger society.
These subcultures within the larger society represents one type of individualism. Bellah sees individualism as being aligned with the idea that utility replaces duty (Donohue, 1991). There is
a lack of obligation to society in some way. Bellah et al. (1996) explores the idea that the culture is such that individualism is a part of it, but it
is not that way everywhere. In other words, there are some cultures that embrace individualism while others do not. What is individualism and what is the problem with it?
Individualism is "the degree of individual or group orientation" (Bing, 2005). It "refers to the broad value tendencies of a culture in emphasizing the importance of individual identity over group
identity, individual rights over group rights, and individual needs over group needs. Individualism promotes self-efficiency, individual responsibilities, and personal autonomy" (Ting-Toomey, 1999, p.67). Expressive individualism, on the other hand,
is aligned with feelings and the ability to have experiences without limitations (Donohue, 1991). In some way, the support of individualism is also the support of freedom and a life
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