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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 4 page overview of the environmental impacts that have been associated with cattle since their
introduction to the Americas by Europeans. These impacts extended to land, water, and vegetation. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AM2_PPcattl2.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
for the first time to the Americas as a result of the Columbian Exchange, the contact between the Old World and the New that began with the arrival of the
first European visitors to this continent. Each of these introductions came wit certain environmental impacts. Some of these impacts, however, were more deleterious than others. Consider for
example Old World cattle. The Americas have sustained tremendous impact as a result of this one animal and the domestic husbandry practices that accompanied it. The impacts continue
to this very day. Cattle have been innately associated with the concept of farming for centuries. In reality cattle are a relatively
recent addition to human exploits at farm husbandry. Traditional thought regarding the advent of animal husbandry believed that the first of mankinds twelve species of domesticated farm animals was
wild goats and sheep in southwest Asia an estimated ten-thousand years ago (Pringle). Researchers believe that pigs and cattle werent domesticated until one-thousand years later with dairy farming not
occurring until only six-thousand years ago (Pringle). In their early domestication cattle were primarily used for milk and for their blood
rather than for their meat (Wendorf and Schild). Wendorf and Schild observe that in this respect they were a "walking larder", a fact which was important due to
the relatively poorly advanced meat preservation skills of the time. Cattle density in relation the environment was relatively low in these early times. By the time they entered the
Americas as a component of the Columbian Exchange, however, cattle husbandry techniques and product utilization was considerably more intensive. The result was a tremendous impact to the land and
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