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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 8 page paper discusses the view of warfare as put forth by historians Russell Weigley and Mark Grimsley; i.e., that some conflicts have been so sweeping that they can be considered military revolutions. One such conflict is the American Civil War, and this paper draws on that conflict, and in particular Lee's invasion of the North that culminated in the Battle of Gettysburg, to illustrate the concept of total war, as well as the problem of troop retention. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
8 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVChgWar.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
their professional business to think and write about how social, political, organizational, and technological change can produce shocking asymmetrical battlefield results."1 This book and others reveal the many facets of
war and the influences upon those who wage it and suggests that over time there have been various "military revolutions"-new ways of thinking about warfare that have caused complete changes
in the way combat is conducted.2 The changes are so radical that they involve not only the military establishment but "social, political and military cultures"; and because "they are truly
cataclysmic events, they tend to occur infrequently."3 The American Civil War is one such event, and this paper draws on that conflict, specifically General Robert E. Lees invasion of the
North that culminated in the Battle of Gettysburg, as an example of the change that overtook the military at that time. We turn first to the idea of total war.
The U.S. Civil War as Total War According to Grimsley, the American Civil War is a military revolution because it "combined the mass politics and passions of the Wars of
the French Revolution with the technology, productive capacity, and managerial style of the emerging Industrial Revolution."4 Lincoln foresaw that it would be a "remorseless, revolutionary struggle"; one that "prefigured the
First World War, and similarly beggared the ability of contemporaries to imagine its sweep, duration and consequences."5 For one thing, both sides "fielded armies that dwarfed all military formations
previously seen in the New World."6 In order to supply these huge forces with munitions, equipment and food, it was necessary to use both steamships and the railroad, which was
a new development in the movement of materiel.7 Both sides used propaganda against the other; dissent of any kind of was suppressed by intimidation, occasionally murder, and unexpected arrest (Lincoln
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