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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
Managers face a number of challenges in motivating staff, especially when considering different employee needs and divergent employee cultures. This 14 page paper examines this issue by looking at content and process motivation theories. The paper includes the theories of Maslow, Mayo, Alderfer, Herzberg, Vroom, Locke and Adams. The bibliography cites 20 sources.
Page Count:
14 pages (~225 words per page)
File: TS14_TEprocesscon.doc
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that employees are motivated, other have taken a more fragmented approach, seeing motivation as complex and influenced at an individual level. These theories may guide management decisions regarding motivation stratagems,
with strategies adopted reflecting one or more theories. While the different motivation models do have some commonalities there are also some contradictions. When looking at these contradictions and combining this
with the divergent nature of the workplaces and differing potential needs, values and interests of the employees, which may be further complicated by external influences, one can understand why there
are a number of challenges facing managers in determining strategies that will motivate their employees. By looking at the different approach to motivation and the different theories the challenges for
management may be appreciated. The way that motivation is examined can be divided into two main approaches; content and process theories. Each of these take a different approach to
the way motivation is considered. Content theories have an underlying assumption that all people are the same, with the same needs and desires. If this approach is correct then an
employer should be able to motivate all employees simply by ensuring that certain characteristics are present in the job design and employment relationship (Armstrong, 2009, p320). Process theories place an
emphasis on the differences that are found in employees, and instead of looking at what needs to be present in terms of content they focus the cognitive processes that create
motivation, looking at the way it emerges (Buchanan and Huczynski, 2010, p271). If the process theories are correct employers need to focus in ensuring the processes required are present to
meet the cognitive needs of motivation. The difficulty when looking at these theories is the way that the different approaches, all of which have been demonstrated to have accuracies, may
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