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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 7 page review of the literature review presented by Ming, Wang, Moore, and Paterson in the February 2007 edition of the American Journal of Botany. No additional sources are listed.
Page Count:
7 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AM2_PPplntssexchromosomes.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
The plant kingdom is tremendously diverse in terms of its genetic makeup. This is attributable, in part, to the reproductive mechanisms employed in this kingdom.
Polygamous and dioecious plants have a unique reproductive mechanism that insures genetic variation in subsequent generations. That mechanism is sex chromosomes. Sex-linked genes are those genes that are
found only on the sex chromosomes (the X or Y chromosomes) and that expresses differently phenotypically between males and females. Instead of both sexes having the same likelihood of
expressing a particular trait, as is the case for non-sex-linked genes, sex-linked genes give one sex a greater probability than the other in expressing that trait. Females, of course,
have two X chromosomes while males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. Interestingly, the X chromosome that is present in both sexes is characterized by more genes
than is the Y chromosome. Those sex-linked genes that are recessive, however, can express themselves more frequently in males than in females because males are hemizygous and only have
to inherit one aberrant allele where the female must inherit two in order for the recessive trait to manifest. Interestingly, an
estimated seventy-five percent of angiosperms are characterized by distinct male and female characteristic that occur as a result of sterile mutations (Ming, Wang, Moore, and Paterson, 2007, p. 141).
Only four plant families, in contrast, have well-defined heteromorphic sex chromosomes (Ming, Wang, Moore, and Paterson, 2007, p. 141). While these researchers do not investigate a specific hypothesis, Ming,
Wang, Moore, and Paterson (2007, p. 142) use the literature to support their belief that flower ontogeny combines with the broad phylogenetic distribution that characterizes unisexual species of plants to
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