Sample Essay on:
Second Language Learning

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Essay / Research Paper Abstract

A 4 page research paper that uses the text Second Language Learning Theories by R. Mitchell and F. Myles (1998) to discuss issues in second language acquisition. No additional sources cited.

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4 pages (~225 words per page)

File: D0_khslltex.rtf

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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:

and resistant to change, regardless of the degree to which the learner is exposed to the target language. Universal Grammar (UG) asserts that human bran structure encompasses a set of "principles and parameters" that serve to shape all human languages. If UG becomes inaccessible to L2 learners, an explanation for fossilization may be that certain facets of this structure atrophy as the learner ages past the sensitive period for language acquisition. A cognitive approach to L2 learning attributes fossilization to the learners cognitive process becoming automatic before the learners speech acquires native-speaker fluency (86). Question 2: L1 transfer refers to L2 learners pronouncing words and creating sentence structures based on their knowledge of their first language (13). This is what causes a L2 learner having a "foreign accent" and for producing sentences that differ from the native pattern, such as "je suis douze" (I am 12), rather than the native-French pattern of "jai douze ans" (I have 12 years)(13). When aspects of language transfer aid the L2 learner, that is, when the students previous knowledge of language helps with the task of learning another language, the transfer is regarded as positive; however, when the two languages differ, this aspect of language learning can be negative. Building on this realization, contrastive analysis studies in the 1950s and 60s consisted of "comparing pairs of languages" in order to find their areas of differences, which were regarded as their areas of difficulty for L2 learners (25). The error analysis studies of the 1970s are significant because they demonstrated that the assumptions of contrastive analysis are, in many cases, erroneous. It was shown that "constructions that were different in pair of languages were not necessarily difficult, and that construction that were similar" in the same languages were "not necessarily easy" (29). Question ...

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