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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 6 page paper discusses three of the many reform movements between the early and mid-1800s. The three explained and discussed are communalism, abolition and women's rights. Each one overlaps with the other and/or emerged from the other. For instance, individualism led to communalism, from which women's rights emerged. The overlap between abolition and women's rights was considerable. The themes that were similar or identical among these movements is identified. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Page Count:
6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGrf19th.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
as among themselves. The overriding theme during these decades was freedom, freedom from oppression, freedom from government, and personal autonomy or self-rule. These were pursued through religious, sociological and political
movements. Bookchin defined communalism as "a theory or system of government in which virtually autonomous local communities are loosely in a federation" (2002). Bookchin further explains that communalism is very
much like the definition of libertarian municipalism, it is a community of communities or a commune of communes (2002). And, according to Bookchin, communalism is a form of anarchism, it
is the establishment of communities of people who think alike and these beliefs may well be contrary to the philosophy of the presiding government (2002). There were a number
of examples of the practice of communalism between 1815 and 1860. Communalism emerged from individualism. Both Thoreau and Emerson exemplified the movements of promoting individualism with their writings that called
for the individual to be self-sufficient and to live according to the highest ideals, often in sharp contrast to the norms of behavior and thoughts at the time (Student-need to
insert citation from Chapter 12). Thoreau immortalized his thoughts in his essay, On Civil Disobedience and in his book Walden (Student-need to insert citation from Chapter 12). While Walden is
even today held up as the epitome of how any individual can maintain and retain complete individualism without dependence on others, the fact is that Thoreau failed to mention in
this book or other writings that his friend Emerson had given him the land on which he built his cabin. Thus, Thoreau had indeed had help and, in fact, others
who visited him often brought him food and other supplies for which he did not pay a cent. From these ideas, communalism emerged, which was the establishment of communities of
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