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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 8 page paper comments on the policies and strategies that have been used in New York City to reduce gang violence for the last several decades and the results of those efforts. For comparison, the writer comments on how differently Los Angeles deals with this same issue. The writer than briefly comments on how persons holding different perspectives, liberal, civil libertarian, conservative and crime control might respond to the policies in New York City. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
8 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGgngnyc.RTF
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implementing strategies to curb the violence. The early strategies included the formation of the Youth Board that worked through social welfare agencies (Greene and Pranis, 2007). They put 40 youth
workers on the streets (which grew to 150 by the mid-1950s) who tried to develop relationships with gang leaders, set up recreational activities, took the youth on field trips and
provided other resources (Greene and Pranis, 2007). They also helped gang members find jobs (Greene and Pranis, 2007). While other movements and programs to reduce gang violence have been
implemented over the years, the Citys policy and approach is still based on social resources. While most policies in cities focus on punishment and an attempt to eliminate gangs, New
York City has always focused on the underlying problems that are found to lead to gang membership and violence (Muwakkil, 2007). They took police officers out of cars and put
them back on the street where they personally patrol neighborhoods, which allows the officers to develop relationships with the residents. They have programs that provide counseling, job training and opportunities,
and activities to prevent gang violence (Muwakkil, 2007). These programs also include mentoring (Muwakkil, 2007). Another fact about New York City is the citys investment in very low-cost college educational
opportunities for city residents (Soglin, 2006). This author reports that studies consistently show an inverse relationship between education and crimes, the more education a person has, the less likely they
are to commit a violent crime (Soglin, 2006). Gang violence has declined significantly in the City (Greene and Pranis, 2007; Muwakkil, 2007). In fact, one resident commented: "New York really
doesnt have a chronic gang problem" (Jackman, 2007, p. B03). By contrast, Los Angeles "retains the dubious honor of being the gang capital of the world" (Jackman, 2007, p.
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