Here is the synopsis of our sample research paper on Reading Theories and Reading Instruction. Have the paper e-mailed to you 24/7/365.
Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 3 page paper discusses two reading theories and what that means for the instructional models that are derived from them. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVReaThe.rtf
Buy This Term Paper »
Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
its sad so many people are illiterate. This paper compares and contrasts two reading theories, what they mean for reading instruction, and which teaching theories derive from them. Discussion According
to one source, there are four major reading theories: "top down, bottom up, interactive, and social constructivism" (Gordon and Kazemek, 2007). The first two appear to be the most widely
considered in the literature, as well as perhaps the most controversial, so well look at them. Briefly, the "bottom-up" theory appears to be the one which we would find familiar:
it emphasizes "the ability to decode or put into sound what is seen in a text" (Abraham, 2000). That is, it concentrated on teaching people how to figure out whats
on the page so that they can sound it out and finally, read it aloud. The "top down" theory, on the other hand, is more concerned with what the reader
brings to the experience: "The readers sample the text for information and contrast it with their world knowledge, helping to make sense of what is written. The focus here is
on the readers as they interact with the text" (Abraham, 2000). The top down theory means that reading instruction centers on the life experiences of the reader, rather than the
text he or she is reading (Abraham, 2000). This requires that the reader not only "decode" the information contained in the text, but that they "bring to mind their own
knowledge and worldview" (Abraham, 2000). In this situation, the teacher must activate "their students schema-that is, help students recognize the knowledge that they already have about the topic of a
text" (Abraham, 2000). This model then has certain methods and theories that derive from it. Among other things, teachers have to select "relevant and interesting material for readers"; they can
...