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This 9 page paper discusses Post-traumatic stress disorder in detail. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
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9 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVPTSD.rtf
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of PTSD Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is "a psychiatric disorder that can occur following the experience or witnessing of life-threatening events such as military combat, natural disasters, terrorist incidents, serious
accidents, or violent personal assaults like rape" (What is post-traumatic stress disorder?, 2006). Most people who experience such trauma recover on their own; but a small number of survivors develop
"stress reactions that do not go away on their own, or may even get worse over time" (What is post-traumatic stress disorder?, 2006). People like this may develop PTSD; if
they do, they may suffer symptoms of the disease that are severe enough to "significantly impair" their daily lives; symptoms may include flashbacks to the incident or nightmares about it;
sleeplessness, or feelings of detachment or estrangement (What is post-traumatic stress disorder?, 2006). A person suffering from PTSD will exhibit biological changes as well as emotional and cognitive ones (What
is post-traumatic stress disorder?, 2006). One source says that the etiology of PTSD is unknown, but "most investigators believe that a personal predisposition is necessary for symptoms to develop after
a traumatic event" since not everyone who experiences trauma develops this disorder (Grinage, 2003). Those who are most likely to develop PTSD "tend to have a pre-existing depression or anxiety
disorder, or a family history of anxiety and neuroticism" (Grinage, 2003). The body responds in measurable ways to various stresses and it is the difference in response that differentiates between
PTSD and a "simple fear response" (Grinage, 2003). In a normal response to a threat or when were frightened, "the immediate sympathetic discharge activates the "fight-or-flight" reaction. Increases in both
catecholamines and cortisol occur relative to the severity of the stressor" (Grinage, 2003). The "[C]ortisol release stimulated by corticotropin-releasing factor via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis acts in a negative feedback
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