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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 4 page research paper that describes the causative factors, definition and treatment modalities that pertain to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The page count also includes an outline of the paper. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: KL9_khptsd.doc
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
a broad range of experience, ranging from combat experiences to accidents that are life threatening or personal assault. The following paper describes the features of this disorder, including its symptoms,
and then offers an overview of two methods of treatment. PTSD, Causative Factors and Symptoms One of the most common causes of PTSD is combat experience, but other forms of
trauma, such as personal assault or abuse, can also trigger this debilitating reaction to trauma. Typically, the individual will consciously avoid anything that can be associated with the trauma experience
while undergoing an overall increase in physiological arousal that generally last a minimum of one month following the trauma (Hathaway, Boals and Banks, 2010). The signs and symptoms of PTSD
include problems with concentration and social functioning, emotional numbing, detachment, disturbed sleeping and neglect of self (Katsounari, 2011). According to the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders, Fourth Edition-Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR), the traumatic events that cause PTSD can be understood as any situation in which the individual felt that the threat of death or serious injury
was imminent (Hathaway, Boals and Banks, 2010). Furthermore, the DSM-IV-TR specifies that an individual suffering from PTSD will experience "intense fear, helplessness or horror" (Hathaway, Boals and Banks, 2010,
p. 120). DSM-IV-TR diagnostic symptom criteria include nightmares, intrusive memories, avoidance and arousal (Dyer, et al, 2009). The incidence of PTSD due to various types of trauma varies greatly, with
a low response, 2-8 percent, in regards to natural disasters, but as high as 50 percent in response to airplane crashes (Dell Orto and Power, 2007). Following the Oklahoma City
bombing, 94 percent of victims reported PTSD symptoms during the first week after the trauma (Dell Orto and Power, 2007). The changes in cognition associated with PTSD can lead
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