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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This paper examines the literature and research available for psychosocial (i.e., non-medical or non-invasive) intervention in treatment of mental illness, mental retardation and learning disorders. The paper also examines how to best use the massive amounts of research that is available on this topic, both through the Internet and the library. Bilbiography lists 20 sources
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File: D0_MTpsycho.rtf
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or topics would be easy. In this case, we searched for topics involving literature and research pertaining to psychosocial interventions (also known as cognitive behavioral therapy) in people who have
learning disorders and/or mental retardation. Thanks to the Internet and the aforementioned publications, the information is definitely out there. There is, in fact, an overabundance of trials, clinical studies and
research on the particular topic of CBTs alone. The challenge, however, in researching any topic of this type is boiling it down into useful information that can be used by
therapists and other treatment specialists. In researching effects of psychosocial intervention on mental retardation, it is of great assistance to know what
the exact definition of the disorder is. According to the DSM-IV2, mental retardation is defined as a person who functions at an IQ of approximately 70 or below - 100
is considered "normal" - and who suffers impairments in adaptive functioning (Silka and Hauser, 1997). For true retardation, the onset is typically before the age of 18 years (Silka and
Hauser, 1997). Individuals who are considered mentally retarded represent 1 to 3 percent of the general population, and retardation tends to be
more common in boys than girls (Silka and Hauser, 1997). Determining the cause of retardation can be difficult and hard to pinpoint - in 25 percent of cases, there is
a known cause (such as genetic factors, prenatal and perinatal care, illness or environmental factors), but in the remaining 75 percent, the cause is unknown (Silka and Hauser, 1997). In
addition, its estimated that 40 to 70 percent of people with mental retardation have diagnosable psychiatric problems (Silka and Hauser, 1997). There is, however, more to treating this particular group
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