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Operant Conditioning : A 4 page paper. Thorndike introduced connectionism which is based on the argument that there is a connection between the stimulus and response. Skinner introduced operant conditioning that brings the environment into the theory. People behave according to the responses in the environment. This essay will briefly describe Thorndike’s connectionism. It will introduce and provide the highlights of Skinner’s operant conditioning model. Bibliography lists 5 sources. PG696835.doc
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4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: ME12_PG696835.doc
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between the stimulus and response. Skinner introduced operant conditioning that brings the environment into the theory. People behave according to the responses in the environment. This essay will briefly describe
Thorndikes connectionism. It will introduce and provide the highlights of Skinners operant conditioning model. Operant Conditioning Thorndike followed the footsteps of Pavlov in terms of the stimulus response
premise. Thorndike said that a connection was made between the stimulus and response and that connection could be strengthened and become a habit or it can be weakened until it
disappears through rewards and punishments. Another way to say that is that if a behavior is rewarded it will continue and become stronger or if it is punished, the behavior
will become less frequent. Thorndikes model of behaviorism is referred to as connectionism (Kearsley, 2012). Thorndike proposed three major laws related to learning. The Law of effect says that the
strength of the connection is determined by how satisfying the response is; the law of exercise says that the strength of the connection is affected by how often the connection
is made; and the law of readiness that suggests that the states of satisfying or annoying governs whether the unit is ready to conduct (Penn State, 2012). B,F, Skinner
changed Pavlovs original classical conditioning proposal to operant conditioning. Skinners model includes how the environment influences the organisms behavior. Operant means that all organisms operate in their environments (Boeree, 2006).
Skinner also believed that any behavior that a human performs has a consequence and that consequence occurs naturally within the specific environment where that behavior was performed (Boeree, 2006). The
process of action and consequence is referred to as operant conditioning. As Sharpe (2007) said, Skinners theory is common sense. We all know that we respond positively to positive reinforcement
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