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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 14 page paper provides an overview of occupational asthma in the UK beginning with a definition and the categories of substances that are irritants. The incidence of this disease in the UK is reported along with the fact that this particular occupational disease is on the rise in all developed nations. The typical diagnostic process is reported followed by a discussion of the sensitizers/agents that can cause asthma in the workplace. The eight most common asthma-causing agents are reported and explained. The writer identifies the highest risk occupations identified in the literature, including ratios. Prevention steps, including regulations, are also reported. The conclusion discusses the roles of the occupational hygienists in assessing and monitoring this condition. Statistical data included. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Page Count:
14 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGocasth.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
on to assert that the term should also include the exacerbation of pre-existing asthma as a result of exposure (Lombardo and Balmes, 2000). In fact, these authors argue that
"exacerbations of preexisting asthma are a potentially more important cause of morbidity because there are more workers with work-aggravated asthma than work-caused asthma" (Lombardo and Balmes, 2000). Occupational asthma has
been defined in this way: "is variable airflow limitation and/or airway hyperresponsiveness due to exposure to a specific agent or conditions in a particular work environment and not to stimuli
encountered outside the workplace" (Lombardo and Balmes, 2000). While definitions differ according to setting, this one serves as an operational definition for clinical purposes (Lombardo and Balmes, 2000). Occupational
asthma develops over a period of time during which sensitization to some specific agent or agents occurs in the workplace (Haz-Map, 2003). Typically, a worker is exposed to the irritant
over time or it may occur suddenly after intense exposure to the irritant (Haz-Map, 2003). The irritant is often dust, fume, vapor or mist (Haz-Map, 2003). Why some individuals have
this reaction is not really known nor is it understood why some people will have a persistent asthmatic response to the agent (Haz-Map, 2003). There are two general categories that
cause occupational asthma: 1. Low-molecular weight compounds, which are chemicals that can begin an immune response after repeated inhalation (Haz-Map, 2003). The reasons for the response are more complex
than the high-molecular agents but it is known that they "can cause sensitization through a hapten-mediated effect" (Haz-Map, 2003). Low-molecular agents are "associated with mast cell degranulation, histamine release and
leukotriene generation following exposure" (Allergy Newswire, 2002). 2. High-molecular weight compounds, which include "animal and plant derived proteins or polysaccharides such as wheat flour and animal dander" (Haz-Map, 2003). These
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