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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 4 page paper answering 4 questions about research design. One asks for distinction between correlation and cause and effect, with an example of each. Another asks for the three qualities that must be present in any true experimental design (random assignment, control and treatment groups, and posttesting of each group). Another question focuses on historical qualitative research; the final asks for a description of a qualitative study of why elderly individuals choose nursing home care over independent or assisted living arrangements. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: CC6_KSnursResQues2.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
Provide an example. Correlation. This indicates some link between variables that the research does not either wish or try to influence, but
only measure and then search for links between them. Pearsons r is a statistical procedure often used when measuring two variables on a continuous scale and when the variables
create a linear relationship (Siegle). An example of correlated variables can be found in measuring and then linking blood pressure and cholesterol level (Siegle).
Cause and Effect. This indicates a change in one or more variables that has occurred as a direct result of some force applied to the variables as
a part of the research effort. Trochim (2002) cautions that things are not always as they seem, and what can appear to be cause and effect may actually be
a lack of internal validity. In general, actual cause and effect must meet three tests: (1) temporal precedence (i.e., the effect does not appear prior to the cause);
(2) covariation established through the use of a control group that does not receive the causal force; and (3) there are no "alternative explanations for the observed effect. That
is why research design is such an important issue and why it is intimately linked to the idea of internal validity" (Trochim, 2002). An example is any form of
drug testing research. If an experimental group shows response to a new blood pressure medication while there is no change in the control group, then the new medication is
said to be the cause generating the effect of lowered blood pressure. 2. What are the three elements that must be present in a true experimental design?
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