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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
An 11 page paper. Ninth grade success is essential for students. It impacts the rest of high school and after. Educators have tested many different interventions to help students transition to the ninth grade successfully. A recent approach is the freshman academy. This paper explains what this is and reports research and other documents about the effectiveness of these academies. Bibliography lists 16 sources.
Page Count:
11 pages (~225 words per page)
File: ME12_PG699204.doc
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
they have more freedom. All of these factors lead to confusion and anxiety. There are negative results. Students who did well in middle school may suddenly have a drop in
their grades; there are more discipline problems, and there is more truancy. The change in the school structure could have acted as a catalyst for these student problems with ninth
graders. At one time, elementary school was grades k-5 or 6, junior high school included grades 7 through 9, and high school was grades 10 though 12. The structure changed
and moved grade 9 to the high school. Middle school was initiated somewhere along that line and included grades 6 through 8. In any event, ninth graders were no longer
attending a relatively small school with personal attention and fewer requirements. There was no clear transition for them and many naturally began failing and having behavior problems. The small learning
community was designed to help ninth graders transition. The freshman academy is within that small environment design. Literature Review Researchers report that the ninth grade is crucial
for high school success. To graduate from high school, students must take and pass core courses that are more rigorous and more demanding than any course they took in Middle
School. The increasing number of standardized tests adds another challenge for high school students (McCalumore & Sparapani, 2010). The performance of ninth-graders is troubling. They miss more classes than other
grade, they have the lowest grade point average, and they have more behavior referrals (McCalumore & Sparapani, 2010). Research from Johns Hopkins found that 40 percent of urban ninth grade
students repeat the ninth grade but less than 15 percent of those go on to graduate. More students drop out during the ninth grade than any other grade (Cook, 2009).
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