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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 10 page paper that investigates the recent neurological discoveries and information as they relate to learning disabilities. The paper discusses the development of the brain and factors that effect its development. The writer also discusses the parts of the brain that have been correlated with different learning disabilities. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Page Count:
10 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGldbrn.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
connections between neurons (Simmons, 2006). Given its complexity, it is amazing that more things dont go wrong with the brains operations (Simmons, 2006). Any miss-connection between neurons, for example, could
result in less performance. The development of the brain is just as complex because numerous factors can affect its development (Simmons, 2006). Studies have found that neurocells can be
affected or damaged by toxins (Simmons, 2006). Malnutrition has been linked to poor brain development in that it reduces the number of nerve cells and brain cells that develop (Simmons,
2006). Fewer brain cells has been linked to "lower IQ scores, developmental problems, and lower achievement test scores" (Simmons, 2006). Mehl-Madrona (2003) reported a study from Johns Hopkins that found
ADHD children "had a two-and-half-fold increased level of glutamate, an excitatory brain chemical that can be toxic to nerve cells" (p. 1). That same study found ADHD children had lower
levels of a specific neuro-inhibitor called GABA (Mehl-Madrona, 2003). This research suggests that ADHD children have a higher level of a chemical that causes excitement and lower levels of the
neuro-inhibitor that calms people. That means there is a double whammy happening, these youngsters automatically get more excitable and are less able to control that excitable state. The
relationship of the brain to learning has been studied a great deal among twins (Simmons, 2006). Some studies have shown that identical twins "have a sixty-eight percent chance of sharing
a learning disability" (Simmons, 2006). Fraternal twins have only a 40 percent chance (Simmons, 2006). Other studies have shown that when reading disabilities are present in the family, there is
a greater chance other members of that family will have that same type of disability (Simmons, 2006). One hypothesis regarding the familial element is "that there may be a defective
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