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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 3 page paper discusses the need for a needs assessment when designing and developing instruction. The writer reports the six educational needs promoted by Burton and Merrill, the purposes of the needs assessment and the information teachers will want to include in the needs assessment. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGnds.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
project, it is not simply designing a lesson or a unit but rather, it looks at the end goals for students (University of Calgary, n.d.). Many support an old model
for instructional design called ADDIE, the acronym stands for "Analysis, Design, Development, Implantation, and Evaluation" (University of Calgary, n.d.). These are the stages of instructional design (University of Calgary, n.d.).
Analysis is also the first step in other instructional design models, such as the ASSURE model, the Reiser and Dick model, and the Dick and Carey model (ITMA, 2003). Before
developing instruction, it is necessary to perform some sort of analysis to determine the needs of students, the context of instruction, and the characteristics of the learners (University of Calgary,
n.d.). This is where a needs assessment becomes vital and helpful (University of Calgary, n.d.). It is the first step in any instructional design project (University of Calgary, n.d.). A
needs assessment is used to: * Determine the goals of instruction (University of Calgary, n.d.). * Determine the levels of performance (University of Calgary, n.d.). * Determine the gaps (University
of Calgary, n.d.). * Prioritize the gaps (University of Calgary, n.d.). * Eliminate non-instructional problems (University of Calgary, n.d.). The needs assessment will identify the goals for instruction (ITMA, 2003).
When the goals of the instruction are determined, the next step is to look at the current performance of students and then to determine the gap that exists between students
level of knowledge and the goal (ITMA, 2003). It is the gap of knowledge the teacher will plan to teach (ITMA, 2003). The gap is considered a need (ITMA, 2003).
Burton and Merrill identified six specific types of educational needs: 1. Normative need - A discrepancy between present state and a given norm or standard 2. Felt need -
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