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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 3 page paper. Some authors argue there are only two forces that motivate people – fear and self-interest. The writer explores this premise citing from the literature. The essay concludes with the writer's own opinion about the premise. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGfrslf.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
In other words, anything can be considered to fall under the characteristics of fear or self-interest. Even Nietzsche wrote, "Fear is the mother of morality; morality is the rationalization of
self-interest" (Meyers). Miller commented: "The self-interest motive is singularly powerful according to many of the most influential theories of human behavior" (1999, p. 1053). Miller also asserts: "With the
publication of Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes (1651/1950 ) enthroned self-interest as the cardinal human motive" (1999, p. 1053). Zarqa discussed motivation in terms of self-esteem and values. Based on how
a person feels about him- or herself, the person "will be motivated primarily to achieve values that will make him happy or values that will minimize his fears" (Zarqa n.d.).
So, here we have a basic value of achieving happiness or avoiding pain and these two become the motives for individuals to do what they do. A person with high
self-esteem wants to achieve and is thus motivated by gaining happiness because this will raise his self-esteem even further (Zarqa). A person with low self-esteem holds a great deal of
fear about the world and is thus motivated the need to minimize his fear (Zarqa). In either case, one can conclude that the person is acting out of self-interest. People
are attempting to fulfill their own needs whether that is minimizing fear or maximizing happiness, it still falls under the umbrella of self-interest. Pierce also alleged that everyone acts out
of his own self-interest. This is the only reason for doing anything. More specifically, it is the perceived self-interest that drives a person to act and it does not matter
what position they hold in the world, their age, gender or anything other demographic characteristic (Pierce). Miller argues that self-interest has become a norm in society. People act in ways
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