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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This is a 5 page paper discussing the definition and educational approaches to individuals with mild to moderate mental retardation. Traditional classification systems of mental retardation are based on levels of severity and include mild, moderate, severe and profound and place mild to moderate mental retardation just below an IQ of 70. While new classification systems have been introduced based on the levels of support needed such as intermittent, limited, extensive and pervasive, the educational system has also broadened its program base to include special education programs into the general educational system with a target toward inclusion. While inclusion has not yet been developed to its potential, the educational programs for students with mental retardation do include an emphasis on basic educational needs in the primary grades with an increasing focus on transition to adulthood and life skills in the secondary levels.
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Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_TJMRmod1.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
just below an IQ of 70. While new classification systems have been introduced based on the levels of support needed such as intermittent, limited, extensive and pervasive, the educational system
has also broadened its program base to include special education programs into the general educational system with a target toward inclusion. While inclusion has not yet been developed to its
potential, the educational programs for students with mental retardation do include an emphasis on basic educational needs in the primary grades with an increasing focus on transition to adulthood and
life skills in the secondary levels. Definition and Identification of Mental Retardation The National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities (NICHCY) maintains fact sheets regarding individuals in need
of special education and states the regulations for the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) provides the following definition for mental retardation: "Mental retardation means significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning
existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects a childs educational performances" (NICHCY, 2001). The term "general intellectual functioning" is usually
measured by an intelligence test and those individuals with mild to moderate mental retardation usually score just below 70 on IQ tests and is the most often method of identifying
who would be considered as mentally retarded and in need of some sort of special education. In addition to the below average intelligence, individuals with mental retardation may also have
several aspects of "adaptive behavior" which add to their difficulty in learning including problems with communication, social and independent life skills (NICHCY, 2001; MacMillan and Forness, 1998). Mental retardation is
often confused with learning disabilities and is not a disease but in most cases was the result of a chromosomal abnormality or other biological factors which occur during the birth
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