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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 3 page essay that compares the state of medical knowledge in Europe versus the Islamic world during the Middle Ages. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khmevma.rtf
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human physiology influenced European medicine for over a millennium. It was Galens acceptance of the concept of the four humours that helped to establish this paradigm. Galen discovered that the
movement is controlled by nerves that originate in the brain and that the bladder holds urine; however, due to the fact that dissection of human bodies was prohibited by Roman
law, Galen also arrived at many wrong conclusions, which he derived from dissection of animals, applying this information to human beings as well. Galen speculated that there could be "germs,"
that is, "tiny creatures," which might be identified in relation to the causes of disease, but he did not follow-up on this idea. Nevertheless, he emphasized the importance of hygiene
and public baths, fountains and sewers were emphasized in Roman society as a means to prevent disease. The Romans utilized the knowledge of the Greeks, coupled with a strong government,
to institute a medical system "more advanced than anything Europe would see for the next 1000 years" (Medieval medicine). However, during the medieval period in Europe, much of this
classical knowledge was lost and/or prohibited from dissemination during this period, which lasted from the 5th through 15h centuries (Medieval medicine). During the Middle Ages, the only copies of classical
texts, such as the works of Hippocrates and Galen, were held by the Roman Catholic Church, whose policies toward medicine were designed to secure the principles Christian dogma as central
to the lives of the people. Therefore, the Church promoted the idea that disease was the result of sinful behavior and the best remedy was prayer. In the later
centuries of the Middle Ages, from roughly the 10th century onward, the Church became more flexible. However, Church-imposed restrictions still hindered the progress of medical knowledge. For example, the ideas
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