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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 6 page overview of the phenomena of antibiotic resistance. The author discusses the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance placing a specific emphasis on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL), and Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AM2_PPantibi.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
bacteria are of growing concern in the country and the world in general. Of particular concern is Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL), and Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE).
MRSA is one of the primary threats in regard to diseases encountered in ICUs in the US. Over fifty percent of S. aureus strains found in ICUs, in
fact (Rice, 2004). The resistance expressed by this strain can be attributed to the expression of low-affinity penicillin-binding protein PBP2a.(Rice, 2004). This protein is encoded by "an acquired
determinant on a transposable element" (Rice, 2004). The strain is transmitted from person to person. Interestingly, MRSA infection is often preceded by
colonization at locations such as the anterior nares, maxillae, and wounds (Rice, 2004). Upper respiratory infections increase propensity for shedding (Rice, 2004). Efforts at decreasing colonization even at
the nares which are one of the most concentrated areas of the colonization, however, are largely unsuccessful in preventing the spread of the bacteria (Rice, 2004). Rice (2004) does
report, however, that one recent study has found eradication of nasal colonization: "with the topical
antimicrobial agent mupirocin reduces the rate of infection from endogenous strains, but it does not reduce the overall rate of S. aureus infections in the postoperative period."
Even the restriction of antibiotics is of limited value in curtailing the spread of MRSA (Rice,
2004). Infection control, in comparison, is considered the most effective means of curtailing the spread of MRSA (Rice, 2004). MRSA,
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