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A 4 page paper. Madeline Leininger introduced the transcultural nursing theory. This paper reports the background for the theory, the key principles in the theory and the intended outcomes. The writer comments on applying this model. Bibliography lists 4 sources. PGleini9.rtf
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File: ME12_PGleini9.rtf
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level rather than on a local or even national level (Morgan, 2005). Her background was anthropology, which focuses on groups in different regions in the world and it was this
focus that no doubt led to her vision of the future. In the 1950s, nursing followed a medical model and nurses practiced primarily in hospitals (Morgan, 2005). Leininger saw
the need to introduce some anthropological concepts in the practice of nursing. Her vision was more holistic than the typical vision of nursing and that vision included nurses working with
a multicultural population. Her vision of transcultural nursing was different than anthropology and stated that "the focus was on comparative health care, health, and well-being in different environmental contexts and
cultures" (Leininger, 1995, p. 26 cited by Morgan, 2005, p. 413). Leininger was perceiving a serious deficit in the health care community - practitioners did not have any cultural knowledge
(Morgan, 2005). Leiningers transcultural theory emerged from her background and knowledge of anthropology. A major focus in anthropology is culture and the differences and similarities between and among cultures (Morgan,
2005). She knew from her academic knowledge and experience that culture influences everything a person does or thinks (Morgan, 2005). Culture is learned through a child being reared and taught
the attitudes, behaviors, values, etc. that are accepted and not accepted. Culture is historical with all aspects of life being taught to each new generation. These cultural beliefs affect how
members of each culture perceives health care. For example, many cultures rely more on natural herbs for treating illnesses but they may be hesitant to tell the nurse or doctor
this fact because they have gotten negative reactions from other health care professionals (Morgan, 2005). These practices are based on what Leininger referred to as generic care, otherwise referred to
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