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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 5 page paper discusses lung cancer: its etiology, pathophysiology, medical management, nursing interventions and patient education. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVLngCan.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
cancer. Etiology of the Disease The "etiology" or cause of lung cancer, in many if not most cases, is smoking; says one source, "[T]obacco smoke is the primary cause of
lung cancer. Although nonsmokers can get lung cancer, the risk is about 10 times greater for smokers and is also increased by the number of cigarettes smoked per day" (Petrie,
2005). Heavy smokers who consume more than 20 cigarettes a day have a 30 to 40 times higher risk of developing lung cancer than non-smokers (Petrie, 2005). The reason
for what Petrie calls a "substantial increase" in the development of the disease in recent years has been the increase in the number of people who smoke (Petrie, 2005). If
a person stops smoking, the risk of developing lung cancer "falls to the same level as a nonsmoker after about 15 years" (Petrie, 2005). The Surgeon Generals 1982 report concluded
that "cigarette smoking is the major single cause of cancer mortality in the United States" and that "85 percent of lung cancer cases are due to smoking" (Wynder, Goodman and
Hoffman, 1985, p. 39). These authors point out the need for further research into the etiology of the disease, since they have noted a shift in the types of lung
cancer being observed (Wynder, Goodman and Hoffman, 1985). They also suggest that schools should place "major emphasis" on programs "designed to prevent young people from smoking"; they also note that
"as long as society condones tobacco usage, millions of people will smoke, and millions of others will be involuntarily exposed to tobacco smoke" (Wynder, Goodman and Hoffman, 1985, p. 39).
Pathophysiology of the Disease The term "pathophysiology" means the way in which the disease affects the normal functioning of the body, which is revealed in the symptoms of the condition.
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