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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 10 page research paper that examines the role and importance of the Society of Jesuits in regards to the Counter Reformation shows that this conceptualization of the order is quite apt, and also how the Jesuits addressed achieving their mission goals. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Page Count:
10 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khcrjes.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
as the Churchs most effective defenders, as Jesuits were instrumental throughout Europe and the world in strengthening and spreading the Catholic faith. Examination of the role and importance of
the Society of Jesuits in regards to the Counter Reformation shows that this conceptualization of the order is quite apt, and also how the Jesuits addressed achieving their mission goals.
As a term, the "Counter Reformation" refers to a period of Catholic reform and revival that occurred under the pontificate of Pope Pius IV, with its inception in roughly
1560.1 While this term implies that Catholic reform came after the inception of the Protestant Reformation, in reality reform began within Catholicism, with Martin Luther as a Catholic reformer himself.2
When Martin Luther nailed his 95 theses on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany on October 31, 1517, an act that marks the beginning of the
Reformation period, he did so as a Catholic monk and not an intentional revolutionary. Luther was not the first to criticize the Church, and, through his formulation of the Protestant
movement, Catholic historians perceive Luther as actually hindering the process of Catholic reform.3 Nevertheless, Luther and the Reformation did not stop the process of reform that had begun in the
Church and which was continued in the Counter Reformation period. In the century prior to the Protestant Reformation, there was escalating concern over conditions within the Roman Catholic Church,
such as the "venality of the bishops and their involvement in politics," as well as the general low level of education the prevalence of superstition among the clergy.4 There was
laxity concerning religious orders and academic theology had become sterile.5 It was not until the papacy of Paul III, who became pope in 1534, that the Church received the leadership
...