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A 3 page paper. Bruner was a leader in cognitivism and constructivism. This paper discusses some of his theories, including his three stages of mental development. The writer comments on how early childhood education teachers and teachers of special needs students can use his theory. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
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File: ME12_PGbrn10.rtf
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major contributions to cognitivism and constructivism. One of Bruners complaints was that developmental theories all seemed to stop when the individual reached a certain age, such as in their
teens. He believed that humans developed throughout their lives. Erickson was on theorist who did carry his stages through retirement. Bruner thought that adults continue to learn and develop throughout
their lives. Bruner contributed greatly to education and psychology. His ideas are very beneficial for early childhood education teachers but they are also helpful to teachers of any grade
level. Constructivist Theory and Application Bruner suggested three stages of cognitive growth. In the enactive stage, children understand the world through their own motor responses. In the iconic stage,
children understand that different images represent specific objects. In the symbolic stage, children are capable of abstract thinking, reason and logic (Wragg, 2005). As children transition through these stages, their
thinking becomes more complex. As a constructivist, Bruner emphasizes the act of constructing new knowledge based on prior knowledge. In other words, by using what they know, children are
able to construct new ideas. They become more effective with constructing as their thinking abilities become more complex. There are no age parameters with Bruners theory. Consider the iconic
stage. This is when knowledge is presented in visual images. When new information is presented, it is useful to provide a visual image when the individual is in the iconic
stage. This can be true at any age (Cherry and Overbaugh, 2004). Adults will grasp complicated concepts more easily if they have an illustration. Thats why instructions to assemble objects
have diagrams and pictures. Young children, from the ages of 3 to 5, will gain more sophisticated thinking processes through those years. By age 5, a child has moved
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