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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 10 page paper discusses various intelligence agencies that operated during World War II; it concentrates on Britain, Russia, Germany and the U.S. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Page Count:
10 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVintel2.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
they are known by different names and their missions have changed. This paper discusses some of the intelligence agencies in operation during the war, particularly in Britain, Germany, Russia and
the United States. Discussion Well begin our survey with Germany, which had an intelligence organization in existence as early as 1866, when the Abwehr was created (Lerner). The Abwehr was
"founded to gather intelligence information for the Prussian government during a war with neighboring Austria. After initial successes, the organization was expanded during the Franco-Prussian War in 1870" (Lerner). When
the various independent German states united to form the German nation in 1871, the Abwehr was included in the governmental structure (Lerner). The Abwehr continued to operate through the end
of the First World War, although its success was undermined by the "loss of the German codebook to British intelligence" during the conflict (Lerner). Finally, under the terms of the
Versailles Treaty that ended WWI, the Abwehr stopped operating (Lerner). However, it didnt remain out of operation for long; in 1921, it was re-established and when the Nazis
took over in the 1930s, "some members of the intelligence agency began to spy on their own government (Lerner). This led to a split; the Nazis "created a separate intelligence
organization, the Sicherheitsdienst, or Security Service, headed by Reinhard Heydrich" (Lerner). The Abwehr was under the direction of Wilhelm Canaris; in 1935, he and Heydrich "reached an agreement about the
roles of each agency, but both trained and maintained their own espionage forces" (Lerner). Canaris split the Abwehr into three branches: saboteurs, counter-espionage and espionage and then appointed three "distinguished
Abwehr agents" to head the three divisions (Lerner). However, he insisted that the three not be members of the Nazi party, which, of course, made Heydrich and the rival Sicherheitsdienst
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