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This 3 page paper discusses the impact of industrialization on the U.S. middle class; particularly whether or not they benefited from the process and what aspects of industrialization were of concern to them. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
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3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVIndMid.rtf
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the U.S. middle class; particularly whether or not they benefited from the process and what aspects of industrialization were of concern to them. Discussion One source argues that we cannot
discuss industrialization in a vacuum; it is intimately connected to the society in which it takes place (Hanson). In this case, the introduction of modern methods of production led to
great changes in society. In the pre-industrial era, normally considered to be "pre-late nineteenth century," the U.S. economy was "based on the small family farm and the artisan shop" (Hanson).
Work was organized around "fairly multi-skilled, if ... not highly advanced, craft production" and "work methods and pace substantially were determined by the worker" (Hanson). The main method of training
was apprenticeship, which was fairly informal-both Lincoln and Jackson "read law" for several years by working in a law office, and then set up their own practice (Hanson). Education was
also informal: "For the mass of the population, it involved gaining rudiments of literacy and numeracy in a few years of class work, while the socialization in inherent to all
education focused on reinforcing community values of self-reliance and the Protestant work ethic" (Hanson). Many transactions were done by bartering, not using cash, and most men had an expectation
that they would eventually be self-employed in "some form of small proprietorship" (Hanson). This idea of working for oneself "exerted a deep psychological, as well as ideological, hold on the
society," and that meant that the rise of the new factory system brought some problems with it (Hanson). One Orestes Brownson, a critic of industrialization, wrote in 1840 that "There
must be no class of our fellow men doomed to toil through life as mere workmen at wages" (Hanson). If a man had to work under such conditions, Brownson said,
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