Here is the synopsis of our sample research paper on Inclusion - Costs And Outcomes. Have the paper e-mailed to you 24/7/365.
Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 7 page paper that begins with a clarification of inclusion and mainstreaming and the controversy surrounding the practice. The essay comments on the foundations for inclusion, the proportion of students with special needs in regular classrooms and the costs of educating a disabled student as compared to a non-disabled student. The writer also comments on the outcomes of inclusion. Statistical data included. 1 Table included. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Page Count:
7 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGinccs.RTF
Buy This Term Paper »
Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
age-appropriate general education classrooms full-time (Idol, 2006). Mainstreaming means that students with special needs spend a part of their day in the special education classroom and part of their day
in the general education classroom (Idol, 2006). Both mainstreaming and inclusion meet the legal criteria for least restrictive environment (Idol, 2006). Many noted persons offer arguments for and against inclusion.
James Kauffman from the University of Virginia, for instance, said that full inclusion is unrealistic and that forcing "children into the inclusion mold is just as coercive and discriminatory as
trying to force all students into the mold of a special education" (Stout, 2007). Advocates for inclusion argue that this practice will improve education for all students, those with disabilities
and those without (Walker and Ovington, 1998). And, Kauffman, McGee and Brigham (2004) stated that the idea of how to best educate disabled children has shifted to two extremes: "denying
that disabilities exist or accommodating them to the extent that there is no expectation of student progress toward realistic goals" (p. 613). As all educators know, one of the catalysts
was the publication of A Nation At Risk in 1983 (Walker and Ovington, 1998). That report was further fueled by the legislature writing Goals 2000 (Walker and Ovington, 1998). Those
goals included the words "all students and all students meeting the goals, including those with disabilities (Walker and Ovington, 1998). The general perception that schools failed has led to major
restructuring and reorganizing efforts over the last nearly 25 years (Walker and Ovington, 1998). Inclusion is a response to the criticisms and has become one of the major foci of
restructuring efforts (Walker and Ovington, 1998). It is a respond to the demand of getting away from the one-side-fits-all mental set (Walker and Ovington, 1998). On the special education side,
...