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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 6 page essay that contrasts and compares the views of several philosophers across history concerning what they have said about the basis for social order and man's place with that framework. The views of Pericles, Sima Qian, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke and Freud are discussed. No bibliography is provided.
Page Count:
6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khhumso.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
ensuring the greatest degree of human happiness and security and what part should the ordinary citizen play within societies so ordered. Over the centuries, a variety of thought has been
presented. Examining what some of historys greatest thinkers have said on this topic shows that certain basic ideas concerning the needs of society are common, but that specifically how these
needs should be expressed in governance differ considerably. A common feature of philosophical thought on this topic is that individuals under natural law, that is, outside of any sort
of society are in a state of total freedom. However, in order to come together and work for their mutual benefit certain freedoms have to be forfeited in order to
establish the rule of law and order. This view of societal order is particularly evident in the writing of More, Hobbes, Locke and Freud. However, these authors differ markedly in
their views on human nature. A brief overview of the opinions of each writer and his view on societal order clarifies some of their differences and similarities. Pericles Funeral
Speech : Pericles turned a public veneration of the dead into an opportunity to praise the system of government in Athens and list its virtues. After his opening remarks, Pericles
speech offers a concise picture of the Athenian perspective on government, the social order and the citizens role in that order. He states that their government, being a democracy, places
administration in the "hands of the many and no of the few" (Thucycdides, lines 27-28). Athens had a direct democracy, that is, all citizens voted on all issues, rather than
electing representatives to vote for them. Pericles indicates, political position in Athens results from merit, without even poverty providing an obstacle. Pericles view is that sovereignty rests with the people.
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