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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 6 page paper provides an overview of the changes in public schools because of increasing immigration. Over the course of the past two decades, the United States has experienced the greatest surge in immigration in history. One out of every seven children grows up speaking a language other than English and this fact has reshaped the nature of education and the focus of educators who have to address an increasingly diversified population. Many of these students are described as limited-English proficient (LEP) students, and many teachers current lack the skills and learning strategies to address the needs of these students as well as their English speaking population. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
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6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MH11_MHESLvBi.rtf
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speaking a language other than English and this fact has reshaped the nature of education and the focus of educators who have to address an increasingly diversified population (Gersten, 1996).
Many of these students are described as limited-English proficient (LEP) students, and many teachers current lack the skills and learning strategies to address the needs of these students as
well as their English speaking population (Heath, 1996). Cultural and racial diversification in the classroom are notable characteristics of the changing face of the American education system (Heath, 1996).
In recent years, the debate has been waged about the efficacy of bilingual education, bilingual enrichment, immersion programs, ESL (English as a Second Language) programs and TESOL (Teaching English
to Speakers of Other Languages) programs and their impact on the learning process. Some educators have argued that the only way that non-English speakers will learn to assimilate the
English language is by providing a contextual application for their developing skills, and that the educational setting is clearly the place for this focus. At the same time, critics
have argued that programs that incorporate a multi-cultural focus or a multi-lingual design negatively impact the outcomes for students who have English language proficiency. As a result, those questioning
the nature of bilingual education have urged support for ESL programming in many educational settings. In recent years, ESL and TESOL have come into greater application for the
instruction of non-native speakers of English, especially since the call for reductions in bilingual educational programming. Considered a "stepchild of academe, ESL is now beginning to assume a legitimate
and respected position" in many American educational institutions (Vandrick, Messerschmitt and Hafernick, 1996, pp. 403). The need to promote the learning of a large SOL population in many school
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